Jun 14, 2023 · A good PICO will be specific and define terms and outcomes if necessary. A good PICO will investigate something new in terms of diagnosis, etiology, therapy, harm, etc. A bad PICO is usually a background question disguised as a research question. For example, "what are the effects of Prilosec on patients taking immune suppressants" might seem ... This section includes the evidence summaries for each key question. It incorporates a summary of the included review for PICO question 1 and the results of the primary reviews (PICO questions 2–6), other relevant evidence (specifically, related guidelines and systematic reviews) and a summary of the evidence-to-decision framework. Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Population. Children <6 years of age. AND. Diagnosed with ADHD or at risk for ADHD or diagnosed with DBD (including ODD and CD by DSM) ≥6 years of age (subjects <6 years are described in Question 1) Diagnosed with ADHD by the DSM or ICD criteria that was in use at the time of the study or of the publication. "Among women in labor, does the use of labor support/doulas versus no labor support affect labor complications?" (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) Types of Questions: Therapy, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Harm/Etiology, Prevention, Cost-Effectiveness, Quality of Life.The list of PICOT question examples will be incomplete if we didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t mention a question about severe malnutrition. 23. Can antibiotics prevent death and sequelae in kids ...Aug 9, 2023 · Question Type & Study Design. Some study designs are better suited to answer certain types of questions. Identifying the clinical domain your question falls under can help determine what study designs to look for in order to find the best, most suitable evidence. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are always preferred. A strength of a qualitative PICO question is that it can investigate what patient satisfaction looks like, for example, instead of only reporting that 25% of patients who took a survey reported that they are satisfied. When working with qualitative questions, an alternative to using PICO in searching for sources is the SPIDER search tool.Jul 31, 2023 · Note: The question may also appear as: What is the effectiveness of early ambulation, compared to bed rest, on decreasing post-op DVTs in adult patients with total hip replacements. Meaning PICO Question: How do pregnant women (P) newly diagnosed with diabetes (I) experience reporting their blood sugar levels (O) to their healthcare providers? << PICOT Question. The emotional wellbeing of mothers is linked to the positive upbringing of children in the first several months of their lives. However, the physical, hormonal, and psychological changes that occur after labor can significantly undermine women’s well-being, with adverse symptoms preventing them from having a positive outlook on lives.When you formulate a PICO question, you are creating a formula that does several things: Focus the question by identifying the components or concepts in the question. Defines the concepts that will be used when performing a complex literature search. Used to ascertain which articles in a search retrieval best address the question.Finally, you will click on a button and the PICOT Research Question Generator will present the following: Your PICOT question. Your null and alternative hypotheses. Your independent variable. Your dependent variable. The statistical test used to answer your PICOT question. It should take you less than five minutes to complete the web form below. PICOT: This evidence-based project answered the following question: In rehabilitation patients, what is the effect of a nurse-driven protocol (NDP) CAUTI bundle on the number of indwelling urinary catheter-related infections, compared to the current practice, over a 12-week time period? Evidence The PICOT question format is a consistent "formula" for developing answerable, researchable questions. When you write a good one, it makes the rest of the process of finding and evaluating evidence much more straightforward. P: Population/patient - age, gender, ethnicity, individuals with a certain disorder. I: Intervention/indicator (Variable ...Examples of Picot Questions. Below are good picot questions examples that can guide you to come up with picot questions. In African American female adolescents with hepatitis B (P), how does acetaminophen (I) compared to ibuprofen (C) affect liver function (O)? (Time is optional). For women who use birth control methods (P), how do birth ...Aug 22, 2023 · What is PICO? PICO is a pneumonic that stands for Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome. PICO is one of many frameworks used to create answerable research questions. PICO is chosen for this course because it is useful in finding quantitative research as is required for Nursing Research courses. PICO is used to help keep ... Oct 15, 2019 · The framework is actually divided into four major elements. A good clinical question will address most, if not all, aspects of the PICO. The following are the parameters defined by PICO (T) when it comes to designing of clinical questions: P: Patient, Problem, Population. I: Intervention. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Components of Pico. P- young adults. I- alcohol consumption. C- no alcohol consumption. O- depression. Exposure: The exposure in this case is alcohol. It is injurious to health and it makes aggressive behavior of people therefore, increasing the level of anxiety. Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with the normal process of development and ...Jul 6, 2023 · Have two essential components: Example: What causes migraines? or How often should women over the age of 40 have a mammogram? A question root (who, what, when, etc.) with a verb A disorder, test, treatment, or other aspect of healthcare The background question is usually asked because of the need for basic information. Aug 29, 2023 · Foreground questions look for answers to specific patients, problems, types of interventions, and clinical outcomes, and the PICO framework will work well with these questions. Use PICO to write a clear, researchable clinical question. The four elements of PICO break a research topic into searchable keywords and make locating evidence-based ... PICOT is a mnemonic resulting from the elements of clinical research. The PICOT process starts with a particular case, and the question is couched to develop an answer. A PICOT question helps you get the answer to your clinical question. It serves as a framework, prompting you to consider various aspects of the topic under investigation. A strength of a qualitative PICO question is that it can investigate what patient satisfaction looks like, for example, instead of only reporting that 25% of patients who took a survey reported that they are satisfied. When working with qualitative questions, an alternative to using PICO in searching for sources is the SPIDER search tool.Therapy nursing PICOT questions examples include: 12. Use of negative pressure wound therapy on a diabetic patient with stage iii pressure ulcers compared with standard moist wound therapy. 13. Comparing the risks of developing breast cancer among women who use oral contraceptives with those who use IUDs. 14.[Examples modified and drawn from Glasper, A. and Rees, C. (2013) How to Write Your Nursing Dissertation] The following examples may help you put PICO into practice. Suggestions in the brackets are just extra ideas for what you might want to consider. 1) Isobel is a 45 year old woman who asks you for advice on natural ways of resolving her ...Therapy nursing PICOT questions examples include: 12. Use of negative pressure wound therapy on a diabetic patient with stage iii pressure ulcers compared with standard moist wound therapy. 13. Comparing the risks of developing breast cancer among women who use oral contraceptives with those who use IUDs. 14.Table 2.1, PICO questions for the recommendations in women (the general population of women ...I need a PICO question over either pregnancy, pregnancy complications, postpartum, newborn, premature newborn, anything along those lines. I know how to make a PICO question so I am not asking that. I am just having trouble with this area and exploring things I could do one over and find articles with. Thanks!Aug 9, 2023 · Question Type & Study Design. Some study designs are better suited to answer certain types of questions. Identifying the clinical domain your question falls under can help determine what study designs to look for in order to find the best, most suitable evidence. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are always preferred. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.PICOT: This evidence-based project answered the following question: In rehabilitation patients, what is the effect of a nurse-driven protocol (NDP) CAUTI bundle on the number of indwelling urinary catheter-related infections, compared to the current practice, over a 12-week time period? Evidence We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Population. Children <6 years of age. AND. Diagnosed with ADHD or at risk for ADHD or diagnosed with DBD (including ODD and CD by DSM) ≥6 years of age (subjects <6 years are described in Question 1) Diagnosed with ADHD by the DSM or ICD criteria that was in use at the time of the study or of the publication. Evidence-Based Nursing. Evidence-based nursing is the use of evidence in combination with the practitioner's expertise and nursing theory in order to make decisions about nursing patient care. It consists of 5 stages: Asking a question after assessing the patient. Acquire the evidence by finding literature to answer the question.PICO Clinical Questions in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Prof Unit Kalubowila. 866 likes · 10 talking about this. Novel concept of Dr Dhammike Silva, Consultant OBGYN, to inspire trainees to approach...PICO Clinical Questions in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Prof Unit Kalubowila. 866 likes · 10 talking about this. Novel concept of Dr Dhammike Silva, Consultant OBGYN, to inspire trainees to approach... Aug 3, 2023 · PICO Question Examples It will be a time-consuming and difficult venture to identify the most appropriate resources and find relevant evidence without a well-focused question. PICO helps to form a question and facilitate quick and wider literature search.PICO framework helps to identify the main elements of a question and simplify writing a ... Aug 29, 2023 · If you are planning to create a systematic review, it is usually best to start with a PICO style question, it provides structure and boundaries to the task. Let’s try: To search for the core topics discussed in your review, you are probably going to want to use a combination of approaches. You are probably going to need to use the subject ... Examples of Picot Questions. Below are good picot questions examples that can guide you to come up with picot questions. In African American female adolescents with hepatitis B (P), how does acetaminophen (I) compared to ibuprofen (C) affect liver function (O)? (Time is optional). For women who use birth control methods (P), how do birth ...Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Population. Children <6 years of age. AND. Diagnosed with ADHD or at risk for ADHD or diagnosed with DBD (including ODD and CD by DSM) ≥6 years of age (subjects <6 years are described in Question 1) Diagnosed with ADHD by the DSM or ICD criteria that was in use at the time of the study or of the publication.I = Interventions. C = Comparisons. O = Outcomes. Using the earlier example question, we can break it down into a PICO question like this: P = Patient or Problem (young children) I = Interventions (distractions during immunization) C = Comparisons (no distractions/standard care) O = Outcomes (lower pain scores) You may also hear some people use ...Your full PICO question is: "Among hospitalized chronic smokers, does a brief educational nursing intervention lead to long term smoking cessation [when compared with no intervention]?" PICO Question ExamplesDifferent types of clinical questions are suited to different syntaxes and phrasings, but all will clearly define the PICO elements. The definitions and frames below may be helpful for organizing your question: Intervention/Therapy. Questions addressing how a clinical issue, illness, or disability is treated.About PICO; PICO's Limitations; Case Study. Case: Patient Education; P: Consider when choosing your patient/problem; I: Consider for your intervention; C: Consider for your comparison; O: Consider for your outcome; PICO: Putting it together; PICO Examples; Other Question Frameworks; ResourcesExamples of Picot Questions. Below are good picot questions examples that can guide you to come up with picot questions. In African American female adolescents with hepatitis B (P), how does acetaminophen (I) compared to ibuprofen (C) affect liver function (O)? (Time is optional). For women who use birth control methods (P), how do birth ...The PICO question in this paper seeked to answer the question: in adult patients without celiac disease or gluten sensitivities, is GF food correlated with higher type 2 diabetes or CVD risk? The question was underpinned by a research study showing an inverse relationship between gluten consumption and type 2 diabetes rates.This section includes the evidence summaries for each key question. It incorporates a summary of the included review for PICO question 1 and the results of the primary reviews (PICO questions 2–6), other relevant evidence (specifically, related guidelines and systematic reviews) and a summary of the evidence-to-decision framework. About PICO; PICO's Limitations; Case Study. Case: Patient Education; P: Consider when choosing your patient/problem; I: Consider for your intervention; C: Consider for your comparison; O: Consider for your outcome; PICO: Putting it together; PICO Examples; Other Question Frameworks; ResourcesYour full PICO question is: "Among hospitalized chronic smokers, does a brief educational nursing intervention lead to long term smoking cessation [when compared with no intervention]?" PICO Question ExamplesPICOT is a mnemonic resulting from the elements of clinical research. The PICOT process starts with a particular case, and the question is couched to develop an answer. A PICOT question helps you get the answer to your clinical question. It serves as a framework, prompting you to consider various aspects of the topic under investigation.Aug 31, 2023 · PICO is a formula used to develop a researchable clinical question. The purpose of a PICO question is to help breakdown a research question into smaller parts, making the evaluation of evidence more straightforward. Who is the patient or population? (Think demographics: age, sex, gender, race). What problem or disease or situation are you facing? Question Type & Study Design. Some study designs are better suited to answer certain types of questions. Identifying the clinical domain your question falls under can help determine what study designs to look for in order to find the best, most suitable evidence. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are always preferred.Jul 17, 2021 · PICOT Question. The emotional wellbeing of mothers is linked to the positive upbringing of children in the first several months of their lives. However, the physical, hormonal, and psychological changes that occur after labor can significantly undermine women’s well-being, with adverse symptoms preventing them from having a positive outlook on lives. A simple database search strategy should begin with the AND : cross infection AND (Handwashing OR Hand disinfection) Start with CINAHL or Medline/PubMed as initial article databases for a scoping search for most health sciences questions.Aug 29, 2023 · Concepts from the PICO(T) question are used to construct a comprehensive database search strategy with search terms describing each relevant component of the PICO(T). Relevant elements of your PICO(T) question can be used to develop an initial list of keywords (including synonyms) to use in a database search. The most important parts of a PICO ... Feb 18, 2022 · The word PICOT is a mnemonic derived from the elements of a clinical research question – patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and (sometimes) time. The PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an answer. “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the ... of the PICO components The PICO question is a convenient and conventional format to use when composing good clinical questions to direct an evidence-based search of research literature. PICO stands for Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome; thus, there are four components of a good clinical question based on the PICO format.Systematic Review: A systematic review tries to identify, appraise, select and synthesize all RCTs (randomized control trials) relevant to a specific clinical question. . Stringent guidelines are set in order to draw a conclusion about whether or not there is conclusive evidence about a specfic treatment or toThe PICOT question format is a consistent “formula” for developing answerable, researchable questions. When you write a good one, it makes the rest of the process of finding and evaluating evidence much more straightforward. P: Population/patient – age, gender, ethnicity, individuals with a certain disorder. I: Intervention/indicator ...Examples of Picot Questions. Below are good picot questions examples that can guide you to come up with picot questions. In African American female adolescents with hepatitis B (P), how does acetaminophen (I) compared to ibuprofen (C) affect liver function (O)? (Time is optional). For women who use birth control methods (P), how do birth ...The framework is actually divided into four major elements. A good clinical question will address most, if not all, aspects of the PICO nursing questions. The following are the parameters defined by PICO (T) when it comes to designing of clinical questions: P: Patient, Problem, Population. I: Intervention. Foreground questions look for answers to specific patients, problems, types of interventions, and clinical outcomes, and the PICO framework will work well with these questions. Use PICO to write a clear, researchable clinical question. The four elements of PICO break a research topic into searchable keywords and make locating evidence-based ...Aug 17, 2023 · Once you have the components of your PICOT formula, you can frame your question in 6 different ways depending on the goal/target, the nursing practice problem, or the healthcare issue you are addressing. You can use these PICO formats as a template for asking PICOT questions. 1. Examining a Diagnosis. Jul 27, 2023 · You need to assess what reasonable clinical study population your patient could be part of. For example, if your patient is a 73 year old woman, "73 year old women" or "women in their 70s" is too specific because it is highly unlikely that clinical researchers would design a study that would exclusively enroll women in their 70s. PICOT questions fall into four types, namely: prevention/therapy, diagnosis, etiology, and prognosis. The PICOT format assists in creating a useful clinical question and searching for relevant publications and studies. For instance, if a nurse desires to understand the effect of flu vaccination on the advancementAug 29, 2023 · If you are planning to create a systematic review, it is usually best to start with a PICO style question, it provides structure and boundaries to the task. Let’s try: To search for the core topics discussed in your review, you are probably going to want to use a combination of approaches. You are probably going to need to use the subject ... Evidence-Based Nursing. Evidence-based nursing is the use of evidence in combination with the practitioner's expertise and nursing theory in order to make decisions about nursing patient care. It consists of 5 stages: Asking a question after assessing the patient. Acquire the evidence by finding literature to answer the question.Aug 9, 2023 · Question Type & Study Design. Some study designs are better suited to answer certain types of questions. Identifying the clinical domain your question falls under can help determine what study designs to look for in order to find the best, most suitable evidence. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are always preferred. PICO Question Template Examples. It can be helpful to classify your question based on the clinical domain(s) it falls under. See below for definitions, PICO templates, and example questions from the primary clinical domains: intervention, diagnosis, etiology, prevention, prognosis/prediction, quality of life/meaning, and therapy.PICO: P = population; I = intervention; C = comparator; O = outcome(s)[ref]For further information on the findings of the reviews based on the PICOs presented in this annex, refer to the EtD frameworks in Supplementary material 2.[/ref] Pre-abortion Rhisoimmunization PICO 1: No anti-D administration in unsensitized Rh-negative individuals seeking abortion (see Recommendation 8 [NEW])Table 2.1, PICO questions for the recommendations in women (the general population of women ... Question: Should women give birth in the lithotomy position because its encourage from their doctors? Or is it more effective to deliver in other positions as their less likely to lead to delivers with forceps or a vacuum? Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. References. DiFranco, J. T., & Curl, M. (2014). Foreground questions look for answers to specific patients, problems, types of interventions, and clinical outcomes, and the PICO framework will work well with these questions. Use PICO to write a clear, researchable clinical question. The four elements of PICO break a research topic into searchable keywords and make locating evidence-based ...These questions bring together multiple concepts related to a specific clinical situation or research topic. They are typically divided into two categories: Qualitative Questions aim to discover meaning or gain an understanding of a phenomena. They ask about an individual's or population's experience of certain situations or circumstances.Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. P Laboring women delivering in a hospital. Problem: Laboring women are constantly urged to use the lithotomy position, but this can sometimes lead to various labor complications.It is important to note that there are different types or categories of PICOT questions. The category of your question can at times dictate the types of evidence that you are searching for. Determine in which category your question would best fit. Use the template to help you word it succinctly and correctly.Your full PICO question is: "Among hospitalized chronic smokers, does a brief educational nursing intervention lead to long term smoking cessation [when compared with no intervention]?" PICO Question ExamplesWe would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. PICOT questions fall into four types, namely: prevention/therapy, diagnosis, etiology, and prognosis. The PICOT format assists in creating a useful clinical question and searching for relevant publications and studies. For instance, if a nurse desires to understand the effect of flu vaccination on the advancementAug 15, 2023 · [Examples modified and drawn from Glasper, A. and Rees, C. (2013) How to Write Your Nursing Dissertation] The following examples may help you put PICO into practice. Suggestions in the brackets are just extra ideas for what you might want to consider. 1) Isobel is a 45 year old woman who asks you for advice on natural ways of resolving her ... We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.
These are some best examples of PICOT questions for falls. 2) The Prognosis. These questions are used in the following scenarios. Used to determine the potential complications from a specific condition or the clinical course over a particular period. The following is an example of an intervention PICOT question: . Kittrell
These are some best examples of PICOT questions for falls. 2) The Prognosis. These questions are used in the following scenarios. Used to determine the potential complications from a specific condition or the clinical course over a particular period. The following is an example of an intervention PICOT question:This section includes the evidence summaries for each key question. It incorporates a summary of the included review for PICO question 1 and the results of the primary reviews (PICO questions 2–6), other relevant evidence (specifically, related guidelines and systematic reviews) and a summary of the evidence-to-decision framework.Sep 24, 2022 · An example of a picot question comparing two groups of people is: Do- (P) Women-(I) Compared to-(C) Men-(O) Have a greater risk for-(T) picot question: Do women, compared to men, have a greater risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease? This picot question is asking about the risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. PICOT QUESTION PAPER: INFERTILITY Significance to Nursing In nursing, fertility is a process that begins from the second a woman states she is attempting to become pregnant but is having difficulty. Nurses are also educators, so a main component to treating a woman who has fertility issues is to make them aware of their options and issues.Developing a Targeted Research Question. Examine your topic to identify the major concepts you need to conduct the best searches. Some useful ways to do this include: Background planning: think of the 5 W's and H for your topic: Who - are the stakeholders, population of interest, involved parties. What - are the issues, problems, needs.Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Population. Children <6 years of age. AND. Diagnosed with ADHD or at risk for ADHD or diagnosed with DBD (including ODD and CD by DSM) ≥6 years of age (subjects <6 years are described in Question 1) Diagnosed with ADHD by the DSM or ICD criteria that was in use at the time of the study or of the publication.PICOT 7 PMTCT What is the most effective antiviral therapy during the third trimester of pregnancy, to reduce transmission of HBsAg? P: Pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy (defined as 27–40 weeks gestation) with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (positive for HBsAg persistently for more than 6 months) (stratified by HBeAg ... PICO: P = population; I = intervention; C = comparator; O = outcome(s)[ref]For further information on the findings of the reviews based on the PICOs presented in this annex, refer to the EtD frameworks in Supplementary material 2.[/ref] Pre-abortion Rhisoimmunization PICO 1: No anti-D administration in unsensitized Rh-negative individuals seeking abortion (see Recommendation 8 [NEW]) Aug 3, 2023 · PICO Question Examples It will be a time-consuming and difficult venture to identify the most appropriate resources and find relevant evidence without a well-focused question. PICO helps to form a question and facilitate quick and wider literature search.PICO framework helps to identify the main elements of a question and simplify writing a ... According to Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt (2019), a randomized control trial is considered level II evidence for my PICOT question. The article by Pope et al. (2016), is a case control, cross sectional design, which would be classified as level IV evidence (Melnyk, Fineout-Overholt, 2019).PICOT: This evidence-based project answered the following question: In rehabilitation patients, what is the effect of a nurse-driven protocol (NDP) CAUTI bundle on the number of indwelling urinary catheter-related infections, compared to the current practice, over a 12-week time period? EvidenceForeground questions look for answers to specific patients, problems, types of interventions, and clinical outcomes, and the PICO framework will work well with these questions. Use PICO to write a clear, researchable clinical question. The four elements of PICO break a research topic into searchable keywords and make locating evidence-based ...Aug 23, 2023 · I = Interventions. C = Comparisons. O = Outcomes. Using the earlier example question, we can break it down into a PICO question like this: P = Patient or Problem (young children) I = Interventions (distractions during immunization) C = Comparisons (no distractions/standard care) O = Outcomes (lower pain scores) You may also hear some people use ... Nov 21, 2008 · My advice: set your question based upon what you are interested in answering. For example what if you were interested in knowing "How do side effects, both physical and psychological, effect women who have experienced treatment for cervical cancer.."-radiation therapy, sex drive/life, effects of ADL's etc... Apr 5, 2023 · Level of Evidence What is a PICO Question? PICO is an acronym used for exploring clinical questions. It serves as a framework for evidence-based practice. P (Problem and Population) What health problem is your selected intervention intended to solve? Identify what population of people will benefit the most from your chosen intervention. "Among women in labor, does the use of labor support/doulas versus no labor support affect labor complications?" (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) Types of Questions: Therapy, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Harm/Etiology, Prevention, Cost-Effectiveness, Quality of Life.Background questions ask for general knowledge about an illness, disease, condition, process or thing. These types of questions typically ask who, what, where, when, how & why about things like a disorder, test, or treatment, etc. For example. How overweight is a woman to be considered slightly obese? What are the clinical manifestations of ...CHAPTER SUB-CHAPTER QUESTION; 3. Problems of the neonate and young infant: 3.1 Routine care of the newborn at delivery: Among healthy newborn infants in low- and middle-income countries (P), does early skin-to-skin contact of the baby with the mother in the first hour of life (I) compared with drying and wrapping (C) have an impact on neonatal mortality, hypothermia or initiation/exclusivity ... A PICO question, sometimes written as a PICOT question, comprises several elements: P – Population, patient, problem. I – Intervention. C – Comparison or control. O – Outcome or objective. T – Time frame (optional component). 📚 PICO Question Types. There are 5 key types of PICO questions. Look at the table below to learn more about ...PICOT 7 PMTCT What is the most effective antiviral therapy during the third trimester of pregnancy, to reduce transmission of HBsAg? P: Pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy (defined as 27–40 weeks gestation) with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (positive for HBsAg persistently for more than 6 months) (stratified by HBeAg ...The word PICOT is a mnemonic derived from the elements of a clinical research question – patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and (sometimes) time. The PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an answer. “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the ....
